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How to define BUSHING element in Adams correctly?

Hello, colleagues.
 
I have a question about proper bushing definition in Adams (especially in Car). Probably this issue have already solved many times, but it is still essential for modelling.
 
The question is: what is the right way to define active and reactive bodies in bushing? Some say that one should use the mechanism (say, vehicle suspension) topology and follow through it from part that give an excitation (a wheel, for example) to parts which react on this excitation. Also, there is an idea to consider I/J parts for bushing as inner/outer rings.
 
There is an issue when it comes to bushings with different radial stiffness. When you model such a bushing with different I/J parts order, you receive different results of bushing reaction. This difference may lead to different behaviour of related elements. I suppose it's related with bushing formulation described in the KB8013987 tech article.
 
For instance, there is a toelink, which has a bushing with different radial stiffnesses and a spherical joint. In this case different I/J parts order lead to different rotation of toelink around its axis and to different values of spherical joint working angle.
 
Thanks a lot for the explanation in advance
Parents
  • Viktor,
     
    Your observation seems to be correct!
     
    My first thought was, since reference frame for request calculation is changed by changing I,J parts; the deviation must be occurring. Bush force calculation in request file is given in this article. KB8015473​
     
    Even after changing the reference frame and definitions in bush request, the said deviation is present.
     
    Having said that, the variation is too small to be measured using testing. May need to study and change based on the specific load case.
     
    If you find a suitable answer, do update here.
     
     
Reply
  • Viktor,
     
    Your observation seems to be correct!
     
    My first thought was, since reference frame for request calculation is changed by changing I,J parts; the deviation must be occurring. Bush force calculation in request file is given in this article. KB8015473​
     
    Even after changing the reference frame and definitions in bush request, the said deviation is present.
     
    Having said that, the variation is too small to be measured using testing. May need to study and change based on the specific load case.
     
    If you find a suitable answer, do update here.
     
     
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